THE operating temperature of a heat pump depends on the type of system and the application (heating or cooling). However, there are some general guidelines for the ideal temperature the heat pump should be set to ensure efficiency and comfort.

1. For Heating

• The heat pump works best when operated with lower water temperatures compared to traditional heating systems (e.g. gas or oil boilers). This is because heat pumps exploit heat from the environment (air, water or ground), and operate more efficiently with water in lower temperatures.
• Ideal temperature for radiators:
  • 35°C to 45°C: This temperature is suitable for most radiator systems and for underfloor heating, as it allows the heat pump to operate efficiently without consuming excessive energy. For underfloor heating systems, it can be even lower (30°C-35°C).
  • If the house has old radiators that cannot heat adequately at these temperatures, then you may need to upgrade them or increase the water temperature in 45°C-55°CThis, however, may reduce the energy efficiency of the pump.

2. For Cooling (If the Heat Pump Has Cooling Mode)

• For cooling operation, the heat pump will be set to lower temperatures from the indoor temperature of the house, usually around 18°C to 22°C for comfort.
  • It is important not to set the cooling to excessively low temperatures (e.g. below 18°C), as this can cause excessive energy consumption and reduce the lifespan of the system.

3. Depending on External Conditions

• If the heat pump is air-water, its efficiency decreases when the outside temperature drops too low. In such cases, users may increase the water temperature in 50°C to 55°C, but this affects efficiency.
• If it is about geothermal heat pump (soil or water), the performance is less dependent on external temperatures, as the temperature of the soil or groundwater remains relatively constant throughout the year.

4. Adjusting the Temperature for Optimal Performance

• The best approach to ensure maximum efficiency is to set the heat pump to the lowest temperature possible, without compromising the comfort of your space.
  • If the heat pump has timer or temperature sensor, it may be useful to set the temperature to increase when more heating is needed, such as in the morning or evening, and decrease when it is not necessary.

To summarize

• For heating: Ideal temperature for radiators or underfloor heating system is around 35°C to 45°C, while for underfloor heating it can be even lower.
• For cooling: Set the temperature around 18°C to 22°C for comfort and efficiency.
• Adjust the settings according to the outdoor conditions and the needs of your space.

If the heat pump is not performing as expected, the temperature may need to be adjusted or the heating system upgraded to work better with the pump.